What is the error in the below statement?

Answer: Return type missing – A SQL function must declare what it returns – 'returns integer' is missing.

Which system is responsible for ensuring durability?

Answer: Recovery system – The recovery system restores the database after failures, ensuring durability.

What is full form of DDL?

Answer: Data Definition Language – DDL = Data Definition Language (CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE).

What does the following statement in SQL do?

Answer: Deletes a table called student – DROP TABLE removes the whole table – its structure and all its data.

Which of the following is TRUE about DDL command?

Answer: Creation, deletion and alteration – DDL commands create, delete and alter database objects such as tables.

Which is used to input the entry and give the result in a variable in a procedure?

Answer: In and out – IN parameters pass values into a procedure and OUT parameters return results.

Which scheme controls the interaction between executing transaction?

Answer: Concurrency control scheme – Concurrency control manages transactions running at the same time so data stays correct.

Which collection of operations form a single logical unit of work?

Answer: Transactions – A transaction is a group of operations treated as one logical unit – all or none.

Which unit is considered if the domain of the element is atomic?

Answer: Indivisible units – Atomic means the value cannot be divided further – an indivisible unit.

What is the set of permitted values for each attribute of a relation called as?

Answer: Domain – The domain of an attribute is the set of all values it is allowed to take.

Why query should be executed successfully on a existing view?

Answer: SELECT privilege on the view – To query a view, the user needs SELECT privilege on that view.

What is the use of below statement?

Answer: Handling exception – DECLARE … HANDLER defines what to do when an error/condition occurs – exception handling.

What is full form of DML?

Answer: Data Manipulation Language – DML = Data Manipulation Language (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE).

Which is a type of database?

Answer: Relational – A relational database stores data in related tables of rows and columns (e.g. MySQL).

What is the format for compound statement?

Answer: both begin ……. end and begin atomic……. end – Compound statements are written as begin … end, or begin atomic … end.

Which query calculates a sum, average and then groups the result by two sets of values?

Answer: Cross-tab – A crosstab query calculates sum/average and groups results by two sets of values (rows × columns).

Which database aspect preserves execution of translation in isolation?

Answer: Consistency – As per the question bank, consistency keeps the database correct when a transaction runs alone.

What does the term "attribute" refers to in a table?

Answer: Column – In a table, an attribute is a column (field); a row is a record/tuple.

Which is the best way to represent the attributes in a large database?

Answer: Concatenation – As per the question bank, concatenation is used to represent attributes in a large database.

What does the following code snippet do?

Answer: Adds a column ADDRESS in the table – ALTER TABLE … ADD adds a new column (ADDRESS) to an existing table.

Which command is used to obtain the structure of an Oracle table?

Answer: DESCRIBE [TableName]. – DESCRIBE (or DESC) shows the columns and data types of an Oracle table.

Which is the logical design of the database?

Answer: Schema – The schema is the logical design (structure) of the whole database.

What is the order for the tuples of the relations?

Answer: Any – A relation is a set, so its tuples (rows) can be in any order.

Which of the following is used to call the procedure given above?

Answer: Declare d_count integer; call dept_count proc(’Physics’, d_count); – Declare a variable for the OUT parameter, then CALL the procedure with both arguments.

Which are TCL commands?

Answer: COMMIT and ROLLBACK – TCL (Transaction Control Language) commands are COMMIT, ROLLBACK and SAVEPOINT.